HISTORICAL CONTEXTS AND POLITICAL CLIMATE OF PRE-WWII EUROPE
To better evaluate the decisions made by artistic individuals during the period of the Third Reich and the significance of their works, the various factors of nationalism, the pre-war international political situation, and the history of anti-Semitism must be considered. Understanding such developments will also provide a broader understanding of musical works discussed in the context of the development of music in the 20th century.
The following sections will examine how such extreme conditions as anti-internationalism and anti-modernism developed, how these were fleshed out in Nazi policies, and consider the artistic climate that Hartmann, Ullmann and their contemporaries had to navigate through.
In addition, the study will discuss how these musicians were able to remain creative within a turbulent and repressive regime. Analysis of their works will illustrate the deeper implications concerning their political stances and identity.
The following sections will examine how such extreme conditions as anti-internationalism and anti-modernism developed, how these were fleshed out in Nazi policies, and consider the artistic climate that Hartmann, Ullmann and their contemporaries had to navigate through.
In addition, the study will discuss how these musicians were able to remain creative within a turbulent and repressive regime. Analysis of their works will illustrate the deeper implications concerning their political stances and identity.